Log all incidents in which time-out is used as a behavioral consequence.Get signed parent permission to use time-out with students (particularly if using either the exclusion or isolation/seclusion forms of time-out).Verify that the state and school district permit the use of student time-out as a behavior management strategy.(Refer to What Every Teacher Should Know About…Punishment Techniques and Student Behavior Plans for a review of aversive approaches to discipline and their possible unintended effects.) Preparation:īecause use of time-out in the classroom can impact a student's inclusion with peers and access to instruction, Yell (1994) advises that teachers take the following precautionary steps in preparing for and using time-out: Consider discontinuing any behavior management strategy if the student shows a strong, sustained negative reaction to it. All incidents in which the student is timed out should be recorded in writing. Therefore, students should be carefully monitored when time-out is being used. As with other types of punishment, the use of time-out can result in unintended negative effects on the student. Also, students obviously cannot be deprived of lunch, bathroom breaks, or extended periods of classroom instruction just because they are placed in time-out.īecause time-out is intended to reduce the frequency of a target behavior, it is classified (in the technical sense) as a punishment procedure. Because one consequence of time-out is that children may be excluded-even if briefly-from their instructional settings, the approach should be used only when less intrusive behavioral interventions have been tried and found to be unsuccessful. Teachers should keep in mind important ethical considerations when using time-out. For example, time-out might be employed to reduce the frequency of a student's negative behaviors (e.g., loud confrontations with teaching staff) while an individualized reward system might be put in place to increase the frequency of appropriate student behaviors (e.g., quickly and courteously complying with teacher requests). Typically, time-out is used in tandem with positive discipline techniques. Time-out from reinforcement ("time-out") is a procedure in which a child is placed in a different, less-rewarding situation or setting whenever he or she engages in undesirable or inappropriate behaviors.
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